A. × Incorrect: IP-layer packet marking because it conveys the necessary information for per-hop forwarding behavior.
B. ✓ Correct: Traffic policing because it regulates traffic but does not convey forwarding instructions.
C. × Incorrect: Queue management because it manages how packets are handled at a node but does not mark them with forwarding instructions.
D. × Incorrect: Congestion avoidance because it prevents congestion but does not specify packet handling at each hop.
Why this matters:This matters because understanding IP-layer packet marking ensures proper implementation of differentiated services for network traffic prioritization.
Question 2 of 10
Objective 2.7Network Access
Which command would you use to verify the connectivity status of an access point in FlexConnect mode?
Correct Answer: A. show flexconnect ap-status
Concept tested: Network Access
A. ✓ Correct: It displays the current status of APs connected to the controller in FlexConnect mode.
B. × Incorrect: This command shows client counts but does not provide information on AP connectivity.
C. × Incorrect: It lists interface descriptions, which do not include AP connectivity details.
D. × Incorrect: It shows IP routing tables and is unrelated to wireless access point status.
Why this matters:Technicians need this distinction when configuring connectivity and isolating network problems quickly.
Question 3 of 10
Objective 3.1IP Connectivity
What command would you use to display the routing table on a Cisco router?
Correct Answer: A. show ip route
Concept tested: IP Connectivity
A. ✓ Correct: 'show ip route' displays the IP routing table on a Cisco router.
B. × Incorrect: This command is used on Huawei devices, not Cisco routers.
C. × Incorrect: It shows the current configuration of the device, not the routing table.
D. × Incorrect: D is incorrect as it does not follow the correct syntax for displaying information in IOS.
Why this matters:Technicians need this distinction when configuring connectivity and isolating network problems quickly.
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Question 4 of 10
Objective 6.6Automation and Programmability
What is the primary purpose of using Terraform in infrastructure management?
Correct Answer: B. To manage infrastructure as code
Concept tested: Automation and Programmability
A. × Incorrect: Building machine images is a use case for Packer, another HashiCorp tool.
B. ✓ Correct: Terraform allows you to define cloud and on-prem resources in configuration files that can be versioned and reused.
C. × Incorrect: Orchestrating workloads is a function of Nomad, not Terraform.
D. × Incorrect: Securing remote access is the purpose of Vault, another HashiCorp product.
Why this matters:This matters because the wrong choice changes how technicians or teams configure, troubleshoot, or support To manage infrastructure as code.
Question 5 of 10
Objective 5.8Security Fundamentals
According to RFC 8907, what is a key feature of the TACACS+ protocol?
Correct Answer: A. Centralized user management
Concept tested: Security Fundamentals
A. ✓ Correct: RFC 8907 specifies that TACACS+ provides Device Administration via one or more centralized servers, which includes managing users centrally for authentication and authorization purposes.
B. × Incorrect: Network traffic shaping involves controlling the flow of data packets in a network to optimize performance. This is unrelated to user management as described by RFC 8907.
C. × Incorrect: While TACACS+ may use encryption, it does not specify features related to data compression which is typically handled by other protocols or tools.
D. × Incorrect: Firewall configuration involves setting rules for network security and access control. While TACACS+ deals with authentication and authorization, it does not configure firewalls as its primary function.
Why this matters:Security teams rely on this distinction when choosing the right protection or response for the risk in front of them.
Question 6 of 10
Objective 1.7Network Fundamentals
According to RFC 1918, which IPv4 address range is designated for private use inside enterprise networks and includes addresses from 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255?
Correct Answer: A. 192.168.0.0/16
Concept tested: Network Fundamentals
A. ✓ Correct: RFC 1918 designates the range 192.168.0.0/16 for private use inside enterprise networks, which includes addresses from 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255.
B. × Incorrect: RFC 1918 does not designate the range 172.32.0.0/12 for private use inside enterprise networks; it is outside the specified ranges.
C. × Incorrect: While RFC 1918 designates the range 10.0.0.0/8 for private use, it does not include addresses from 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255.
D. × Incorrect: RFC 1918 designates the range 127.0.0.0/8 for loopback addresses, not private use inside enterprise networks.
Why this matters:Technicians need this distinction when configuring connectivity and isolating network problems quickly.
Question 7 of 10
Objective 4.2IP Services
According to RFC 5905, what is the significance of a stratum level in an NTP hierarchy?
Correct Answer: A. To determine the accuracy and reliability of time sources
Concept tested: IP Services
A. ✓ Correct: RFC 5905 specifies that stratum levels indicate the hierarchy and accuracy of NTP servers, with lower numbers indicating higher precision time sources.
B. × Incorrect: Network topology for data transmission is unrelated to the hierarchical structure defined by strata in NTP.
C. × Incorrect: Routing protocol priorities are not determined by NTP strata; these are separate concepts in networking.
D. × Incorrect: Firewall rules and secure communication configurations do not involve NTP stratum levels.
Why this matters:This matters because the wrong choice changes how technicians or teams configure, troubleshoot, or support To determine the accuracy and reliability of time sources.
Question 8 of 10
Objective 2.6Network Access
Which access point mode allows for centralized management of clients while offloading data traffic to the local network?
Correct Answer: D. FlexConnect
Concept tested: Network Access
A. × Incorrect: Autonomous mode does not support centralized management of clients; each AP operates independently.
B. × Incorrect: Lightweight mode requires a connection to a wireless controller for client management, but it does not offload data traffic locally.
C. × Incorrect: Local mode still relies on the controller for critical functions such as client management and security policies.
D. ✓ Correct: FlexConnect mode allows centralized management of clients while offloading data traffic to the local network.
Why this matters:Data-platform choices determine scalability, protection, latency, and operational overhead later on.
Question 9 of 10
Objective 3.6IP Connectivity
According to RFC 826, what does ARP do when a host wants to transmit data over Ethernet?
Correct Answer: A. Converts IP addresses into MAC addresses
Concept tested: IP Connectivity
A. ✓ Correct: ARP dynamically distributes information needed to convert network protocol addresses (like IP) to Ethernet MAC addresses for transmission over Ethernet hardware, as per RFC 826.
B. × Incorrect: VLAN settings are managed through IEEE 802.1Q and other protocols or switch configurations.
C. × Incorrect: Encryption of network traffic is handled by security protocols like TLS or IPsec, not ARP.
D. × Incorrect: Static routes are configured using routing protocols or CLI commands such as 'ip route', not ARP.
Why this matters:Technicians need this distinction when configuring connectivity and isolating network problems quickly.
Question 10 of 10
Objective 6.3Automation and Programmability
According to RFC 7348, what is the primary purpose of VXLAN in virtualized data centers?
Correct Answer: A. To provide a framework for overlaying Layer 2 networks over Layer 3 networks
Concept tested: Automation and Programmability
A. ✓ Correct: It accurately describes the purpose of VXLAN as stated in RFC 7348.
B. × Incorrect: Direct communication between VMs across different subnets is not the primary focus; VXLAN enables this through overlay networks but does not specify this as its main purpose.
C. × Incorrect: While security can be enhanced, encryption of all network traffic is not a core function of VXLAN.
D. × Incorrect: Reducing physical hardware is not a direct goal of VXLAN; it focuses on virtualizing network segments.
Why this matters:This matters because the wrong choice changes how technicians or teams configure, troubleshoot, or support To provide a framework for overlaying Layer 2 networks over....
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161 verified questions are currently in the live bank. Questions updated at May 13, 2026, 12:03 PM CDT. The daily set rotates at 10:00 AM local time, and each explanation links back to the source used to write it. Use the web set for quick practice, then switch to the app when available for larger banks and deeper review.
Careers and fields this exam supports
CCNA is the networking cert that starts to matter when the role is moving from broad IT support into actual network administration and infrastructure ownership.
Role examples: network administrator, NOC engineer, infrastructure support engineer, and junior network security specialist.
Where it shows up: routing and switching, enterprise networking, infrastructure troubleshooting, and network security.
On-the-job payoff: you need deeper Cisco-style networking judgment than Network+ usually provides.
Typical next step: It often sits between Network+ fundamentals and more advanced Cisco work like CCNP.
CCNA gets easier when you stop treating it like vocabulary recall and start reading for network behavior. The right answer usually matches how an enterprise network should actually route, switch, secure, or recover.
Current emphasis in this bank: Network Fundamentals (25%).
Be careful with options that name the right protocol family but solve the wrong operational problem.
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