EPA 608 Universal HVAC Course Notes

Core EPA 608 questions start with why refrigerants are regulated. CFCs and HCFCs contain chlorine and can damage stratospheric ozone when released. HFCs do not deplete ozone but can have high global warming potential. HFOs and other newer substitutes are designed to lower climate impact, but technicians still must follow safety, labeling, compatibility, and recovery rules.

Type I certification applies to small appliances, which are factory-charged, hermetically sealed equipment containing five pounds or less of refrigerant. Common examples include household refrigerators, window air conditioners, dehumidifiers, water coolers, and vending machines. The exam usually points to Type I when the appliance is small, sealed, and charged at the factory.

Type II certification covers high-pressure and very high-pressure stationary appliances, excluding small appliances and motor vehicle air conditioning. Examples include residential split systems, rooftop units, supermarket refrigeration, and many commercial refrigeration systems. Type II questions often ask about leak repair, evacuation, recovery, charging, and safe service practices on pressurized systems.

Type III certification covers low-pressure appliances, especially low-pressure chillers. These systems can operate below atmospheric pressure, so leaks may pull air and moisture into the appliance instead of pushing refrigerant out. The exam often tests that low-pressure systems behave differently from high-pressure systems during leak detection, opening, recovery, and charging.