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Section 1
assess airway, respiratory, and ventilatory findings
Preview
Preview: 1. Airway, Respiration & Ventilation (9%-13%)
Preview includes- 4 of 7 lesson topics
- 1 overview segment
- 3 core concepts
- 2 exam tips
Lesson Topics
- Airway Patency and Protection
- Breathing and Ventilation Assessment
- Oxygenation vs. Ventilation
- Work of Breathing and Breath Sounds
Overview
Assess airway, respiration, and ventilation as separate but linked functions. The exam rewards rapid recognition of airway obstruction, inadequate ventilation, hypoxemia, and respiratory fatigue before a precise diagnosis is known.
Core Concepts
- Airway patency: look and listen for obstruction, secretions, blood, vomitus, swelling, trauma, snoring, gurgling, stridor, inability to speak, or declining mental status.
- Breathing assessment: rate alone is not enough. Evaluate depth/tidal volume, rhythm, chest rise, work of breathing, accessory-muscle use, skin signs, speech, mental status, and breath sounds.
- Ventilation means moving air; oxygenation means getting oxygen into blood. A patient may have an acceptable SpO2 and still ventilate poorly, especially early in hypoventilation.
Exam Tips
- Do not choose 'high-flow oxygen' reflexively when the real problem is inadequate ventilation; support ventilation when breathing is ineffective.
- A normal-looking SpO2 should not override obvious respiratory failure or poor ventilation.
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Section 2
connect respiratory assessment cues with pathophysiology
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Section 3
select management from assessment findings and response to care
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Section 4
assess cardiovascular and resuscitation findings
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Section 5
connect cardiovascular assessment cues with pathophysiology
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Section 6
select management from assessment findings and response to care
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Section 7
assess trauma findings and identify immediate threats
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Section 8
connect trauma assessment cues with pathophysiology
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Section 9
select trauma management from assessment findings and response to care
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Section 10
assess medical, obstetric, or gynecologic findings
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Section 11
connect medical, obstetric, or gynecologic cues with pathophysiology
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Section 12
select management from assessment findings and response to care
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Section 13
maintain or operate emergency vehicles and equipment safely
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Section 14
demonstrate leadership and professionalism
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Section 15
communicate and document patient care
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Section 16
preserve medical and legal standards
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Section 17
manage the environment of care
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Section 18
communicate during an EMS response
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Section 19
lead during an EMS response
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Section 20
recognize relevant cues
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Section 21
analyze relevant cues
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Section 22
define the leading hypothesis
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Section 23
generate appropriate solutions
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Section 24
take the most appropriate action
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Section 25
evaluate the patient response and revise the plan
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